<span>Prior to the standard gauge track, railroad travel was much more arduous and painstaking. There were originally several types of gauges used on a railway track. This caused long train trips to require multiple stops in order to change train cars. With the standard gauge track on trains in the 1800s, multiple changes were no longer necessary and so the trips were shorter.</span>
Answer: Option (D)
Explanation:
Federal Reserve System is known to have a unique structure which is public and private. It is further characterized as an independent entity within the federal government instead of being completely independent of the federal government. Federal Reserve System has four main elements, these are as follow: Board of governors, Open Market Committee, Regional Federal Reserve Banks and its members.
Answer: Conditioned stimulus.
Fear conditioning refers to a learning behaviour in which an aversive stimulus is paired with a neutral stimulus, up to the point in which the neutral stimulus elicits the same response as the aversive one, even when not paired together.
Before the experiences, the doctor was a <u>neutral stimulus</u> because his effect did not depend on previous experience. The <u>aversive stimulus</u> was the shots. The pairing of the doctor with the shots repeatedly elicits the <u>conditional response</u>, which is the crying. It also turns the doctor into a <u>conditioned stimulus</u>.
