In 1977, two years after graduating from Yale Law School, Mr. Williams founded the firm Williams Legal Services with two other l
awyers. By 2003, the company had expanded to 200 offices in twenty-two states. With growth, the company has found it easy to recruit staffers; however, it has faced other problems, most noticeably dissatisfaction among staff lawyers. Recently staffers in seven Minneapolis regional offices revolted, writing a memo protesting the firm's emphasis on generating fees at the expense of quality legal work. Mr. Williams fired the dissenters. His action toward the dissenters indicates the use of:
a) positive reinforcement.
b) negative reinforcement.
c) extinction.
d) punishment.
e) collaboration.
Punishment: In psychology, the term "punishment" is described as a term that is being a part of the operant conditioning theory which was proposed by B. F. Skinner. It is referred to as any change or alteration in an animal or human's surroundings that generally occurs after a specific response or behavior that reduces the possibility of the behavior to occur again in future.
In the question above, Mr Williams action toward the dissenters indicates the use of punishment.
The Secret classification level "shall be applied to information, the unauthorized disclosure of which reasonably could be expected to cause serious damage to the national security."
