Radon and Thoron are the most significant sources of radiation exposure to people living in the United States accounting for 37% of total radiation exposure.
These are nuclides that are produced from the radioactive decay of materials especially in consumer products and through natural processes such as the decay of radium.
I am not sure of the answer but I think it is d. Pesticide Use.
Most people know that it is colder on top of a mountain compared to the ground, but few actually know why. And even less know that the atmosphere actually warms up again! The true temperature profile of the atmosphere is shown in the image.
The air at the surface up to around 10 kilometers is called the troposphere. The reason it is warmer at the surface is simple. The air is warmed by heat given off by the Earth! The farther away from the surface the air moves, the less heat there is to absorb.
From 10 to 20 kilometers the atmosphere is stable. This region is called the tropopause. From 20 to about 50 kilometers is the stratosphere. In this region the air actually warms with height! Ozone is concentrated in this part of the atmosphere and it absorbs ultraviolet light from the Sun. More light is absorbed at higher altitudes compared to the lower stratosphere, so the temperature increases.
But at 50 kilometers, the temperature levels out again in a region called the stratopause. At about 55 km, the mesosphere begins. In the mesosphere, the temperature decreases with height again, because there is very little ozone to warm up the air.
Finally, the mesopause divides the mesosphere from the thermosphere, which is the section of the atmosphere higher than 90 km. In this region, the temperature increases again! This time, it is molecular oxygen (O2) that causes the temperature increase. The oxygen absorbs light from the Sun, and since there is very little air in the thermosphere, just a little absorption can go a long way!
In prokaryotes, new mutations accumulate quickly in populations, while in eukaryotes, new mutations accumulate much more slowly. The primary reasons for this are prokaryotes reproduce quickly and have vast populations.
<h2> Prokaryotes V/S Eukaryotes</h2><h3>Prokaryotes</h3>
Prokaryotes are organisms consisting of cells that don't have cell nuclei or any organelles that are enclosed in membranes. It follows that prokaryote's DNA is not contained within a nucleus.
The following components could be found in a normal prokaryotic cell:
- The membrane enclosing and guarding the cell is known as the cell wall.
- All of the cell's internal components, excluding the nucleus, are called cytoplasm.
- Some prokaryotic cells have filaments made of proteins called flagella and pili.
- A nucleoid is a cell structure that resembles a nucleus and contains genetic material.
- A plasmid is a little DNA molecule with independent reproduction.
<h3>Eukaryotes</h3>
Eukaryotes are organisms made up of cells with membrane-bound organelles and a nucleus that contains DNA in the form of chromosomes. Eukaryotic organisms can have several cells or just one cell. Eukaryotes make up all animal life. Protists, fungi, and plants are examples of additional eukaryotes.
Learn more about Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes here:-
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arsenic
Nitrogen group element, any of the chemical elements that constitute Group 15 (Va) of the periodic table. The group consists of nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), arsenic (As), antimony (Sb), bismuth (Bi), and moscovium (Mc).