<span>The epidermis is a layer of skin which contains the most bacteria in the skin. Upper parts of hair follicles also have those microorganisms a lot. Skin microbiota is usually non-pathogenic and has a defensive role (for example, preventing pathogenic organisms to enter the skin surface). Even though, bacteria can cause skin diseases (for example, acne) and enter the blood system.</span>
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A. The light waves squeeze together increasing wavelength
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Chemical nutrients and energy tend to flow in the same direction for most of an ecosystem. The big difference is that the chemical nutrients are ultimately recycled in the ecosystem while the energy is ultimately lost from the ecosystem to the universe at large. Energy in any ecosystem ultimately comes from the Sun
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