Answer: Many pathogenic fungi are parasitic in humans and are known to cause diseases of humans and other animals. In humans, parasitic fungi most commonly enter the body through a wound in the epidermis (skin). Such wounds may be insect punctures or accidentally inflicted scratches, cuts, or bruises. One example of a fungus that causes disease in humans is Claviceps purpurea, the cause of ergotism (also known as St. Anthony’s fire), a disease that was prevalent in northern Europe in the Middle Ages, particularly in regions of high rye-bread consumption. The wind carries the fungal spores of ergot to the flowers of the rye, where the spores germinate, infect and destroy the ovaries of the plant, and replace them with masses of microscopic threads cemented together into a hard fungal structure shaped like a rye kernel but considerably larger and darker. This structure, called an ergot, contains a number of poisonous organic compounds called alkaloids. A mature head of rye may carry several ergots in addition to noninfected kernels. When the grain is harvested, much of the ergot falls to the ground, but some remains on the plants and is mixed with the grain. Although modern grain-cleaning and milling methods have practically eliminated the disease, the contaminated flour may end up in bread and other food products if the ergot is not removed before milling. In addition, the ergot that falls to the ground may be consumed by cattle turned out to graze in rye fields after harvest. Cattle that consume enough ergot may suffer abortion of fetuses or death. In the spring, when the rye is in bloom, the ergot remaining on the ground produces tiny, black, mushroom-shaped bodies that expel large numbers of spores, thus starting a new series of infections.
Answer:
The best locations in terms of wind resource are typically high on mountains, in large open fields, or on the edge of bodies of water.
Explanation:
Answer:
Immunity to Small Pox
Explanation:
Over the years, Europeans had built up an immunity to smallpox because many had contracted the disease and still survived. As the population grew children were born with some immunity to the disease. When the Europeans arrived in the Americas, and smallpox spread around the native peoples, the Europeans did not contract the disease because they were immune. However, since the natives were not immune, they slowly died of due just to the disease as well as some parts of the war between the europeans.
In humans sperms can survive 3 -5 days within the female reproductive tract.
The ideal time of fertilization is around ovulation when the egg is in the fallopian tube. After travelling through the vaginal canal, the strongest sperm make it to the cervix. From here, the sperm must travel through the uterus and into one of the fallopian tubes.
Cells build carbohydrate polymers by using energy to form glycosidic linkages, the bonds betweenmonosaccharides. A dehydration synthesis reaction forms a bondbetween carbon atoms in twomonosaccharides, sandwiching an oxygen atom between them and releasing a water molecule.
