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JOHN PYNCHON commenced his mercantile career in trade with the Indians of the upper Connecticut Valley in 1652, a traffic that dominated the economic life of western Massachusetts for almost half a century after the first English settlement. He received all of his training from his father, William Pynchon, a founder of the Massachusetts Bay Colony, who made the fur trade his principal enterprise from 1636 to 1652, when he returned to England, where he spent the restof his life. The fur trade reached its height in the late fifties, and though it then declined, the son’s efforts to sustain it continued for more than a decade. The commerce of New Englanders in beaver and other peltry was of prime importance to the colonial economy, and until 1676 the Connecticut Valley was one of the few important fur-trading regions.
The term is Universal rights
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Long-distance trade played a major role in the cultural, religious, and artistic exchanges that took place between the major centers of civilization in Europe and Asia during antiquity. Some of these trade routes had been in use for centuries, but by the beginning of the first century A.D., merchants, diplomats, and travelers could (in theory) cross the ancient world from Britain and Spain in the west to China and Japan in the east. The trade routes served principally to transfer raw materials, foodstuffs, and luxury goods from areas with surpluses to others where they were in short supply. Some areas had a monopoly on certain materials or goods. China, for example, supplied West Asia and the Mediterranean world with silk, while spices were obtained principally from South Asia. These goods were transported over vast distances— either by pack animals overland
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