Shape affects the function of the protein. The reason that hemoglobin and hair have different structures is because they are composed of the same amino acids (there are only about 20 amino acids), BUT the amino acids are in a different order, which was specified earlier by the DNA.
Proteins are large molecules formed from chains of amino acids. Depending on how those amino acids are put together(order/structure), different proteins can be made.
different DNA coding eventually leads to a different protein being made, with a different structure.
explanation:
DNA codes for the proteins we and all living organisms make. Different nucleotide sequences in the DNA will lead to different proteins being synthesized.
This is the process of protein synthesis in short:
DNA --> mRNA --> tRNA --> amino acid chain --> protein.
DNA- doesn’t leave nucleus. it is transcribed to mRNA.
mRNA- messenger RNA directs which sequence of amino acids in translation.
rRNA- ribosomal RNA, the location of the protein synthesis.
tRNA- transport RNA; this has an ANTICODON that will match up to the CODON (group of three nucleotides); adds an amino acid to the amino acid chain. the amino acid it adds on is specified by the codon. for example, if the codon read GUA [I hope you're familliar with the whole ATGC DNA stuff...], then the anticodon, which is complimentary to the codon, would read CAU, and also carry the amino acid (in this case, valine). DNA is usually very long, so many codons will match up with many anticodons on the tRNA, which will then "drop off", or add another amino acid to the chain.
The order of the amino acids will affect the way that amino acid chain bonds to itself-- it will twist (or whatever it does) in a certain way, which will affect its shape.
Shape affects the function of the protein. The reason that hemoglobin and hair have different structures is because they are composed of the same amino acids (there are only about 20 amino acids), BUT the amino acids are in a different order, which was specified earlier by the DNA.
