Answer:
1. 128
2. 16,384
Explanation:
Imagine there were two pairs of chromosomes:
A paired with B
C paired with D
A gamete could have the following combinations:
A + C
A + D
B + C
B + D
Therefore, with two pairs of chromosomes, there are 4 (2²) possibilities
With seven pairs of chromosomes, there are (2⁷) possibilities. 2⁷ = 128
For a zygote produced by two barley parents, there are two gametes fused. So we must multiply the number of combinations for each gamete. Therefore, number of possible genetic combinations is 128 x 128 = 16,384
Animals are associated with <u>phyla</u> and plants are associated with <u>divisions</u>
Answer: Option B
<u>Explanation:</u>
There are millions of organisms in the world. They were then subdivided based on the similarity between each groups.
The Animal kingdom range from complex to simple animals. The kingdom Animalia is further subdivided into Phyla. The phyla is further classified into vertebrates and invertebrates.
Plants acquire nutrition by photosynthesis. They are autotrophs preparing their own food. Animals can’t prepare their own food hence they directly or indirectly depend on the plants for food. The plant kingdom is subdivided to plant divisions.
<span><span><span>Release enzymes outside of the cell (exocytosis)</span>
which may serve the purpose of destroying materials around the cell.</span><span><span>Break-down 'digestion' of materials from inside the cell (autophagy)</span>
i.e. by fusing with vacuoles from inside the cell.
This could include digesting worn-out organelles so that useful chemicals locked-up in their structures can be re-used by the cell.</span><span><span>Break-down 'digestion' of materials from outside the cell (heterophagy)</span>
i.e. by fusing with vacuoles from outside the cell.
This could include breaking-down material taken-in by phagocytes, which include many types of white blood cells - also known as leucocytes. Specific mechanisms of heterophagy can be:<span><span>phagocytic - by which cells engulf extracellular debris, bacteria or other particles - only occurs in certain specialized cells</span><span>pinocytic - by which cells engulf extracellular fluid</span><span>endocytic - by which cells take-up particles such as molecules that have become attached to the outer-surface of the cell membrane.</span></span></span><span><span>Recycle the products of biochemical reactions that have taken place following materials being brought into the cell by endocytosis (general term for this 'recycling' function: biosynthesis) </span>
Different materials (chemicals) are processed in different ways, e.g. some structures may be processed/degraded within lysosomes and others are taken to the surface of the cell.</span><span>Completely break-down cells that have died (autolysis)</span></span>
In general, the functions of lysosomes involve breaking-down i.e. processing to 'make safe' or make use of, or removing from the cell e.g. by exocytosis, useless and potentially harmful materials such as old worn-out parts of the cell or potential threats such bacteria. Lysosomes can therefore be thought of as the rubbish disposal units within cel
I need more points. That's why I am awnsering this, sorry.
Answer:
- Autotrophs are usually defined as those that can prepare their own food by carrying out the process of photosynthesis, but heterotrophs cannot prepare their own food and are directly dependent on the autotrophs for food. Examples of autotrophs are plants and trees, and examples of heterotrophs are animals and human beings.
- Autotrophs are the lowest organisms in the trophic level, where they produce the food for the consumers (heterotrophs). On the other hand, the heterotrophs lie above the autotrophs and when they consume their food, they obtain only 10% of the energy, and the remaining energy is released into the environment.
- Autotrophs can make organic substances by the use of inorganic molecules, but heterotrophs cannot make these substances. They are only dependent on the molecules prepared by these autotrophs.
Thus, these are three of the facts regarding autotrophs and heterotrophs existing on earth that are true.
