Answer:1. Pyruvate carboxylase
2. Phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase
Explanation:
The conversion of pyruvate to phosphoenol pyruvate is catalyzed by two enzymes Pyruvate carboxylase and phosphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase
1. Pyruvate carboxylase reaction
Pyruvate in the cytoplasm enters the mitochondria. Then, carboxylase of pyruvate to oxaloacetate is catalysed by a mitochondrial enzyme, pyruvate carboxylase. It needs the co-enzymes biotin and ATP.
The oxaloacetate formed has to be transported from the mitochondrial to the cytosol because further reaction of gluconeogenesis are taking place in cytosol.
2. Phoaphoenol pyruvate carboxy kinase (PEPCK)
In the cytoplasm, PEPCK enzyme then converts oxaloacetate to phoaphoenol pyruvate by removing a molecule of CO2. GTP or ITP donates the phosphate group.
The net effect of these two reactions is the conversion of pyruvate to phoaphoenol pyruvate. This circumverts the irreversible step in glycolysis catalyzed by pyruvate kinase (step 9 if glycolysis)
Answer:
As the amounts CO^2 in the sea increase, it causes the acidity of the pH increase as a result
Explanation:
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The correct answer is option (a). Parent material
The soil horizon refers to distinct layers of the soils, which are parallel to one another, but have a different composition from the layer present above and below to it.
The soil horizon can be divided into four different layers. First one is organic layer, which is the topmost layer, below this layer second layer of topsoil is present. Below top soil, subsoil is present. Below subsoil, the bottom most horizon parent material is present.
