4 Major Instruments used for Making International Payments are Foreign Bills of Exchange; Bank Drafts; Telegraphic Transfer; Letter of Credit.
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To make payments in the foreign countries the instruments used are Foreign Bills of Exchange, Bank Drafts and Telegraphic Transfers and Letter of Credit. Each of these instruments mentioned as different methodologies in sending the money to the foreign banks.
Let us explain one by one; Foreign Bills of Exchange money drawn from country is payable at another country. Bank draft which is drawn on bank funds and payment assurance is made by the bank that issues it.
Telegraphic Transfer is an electronic method of fund transfer used mainly for overseas wire transactions. And final one is Letter of Credit is a letter given by the bank assuring that a buyer's payment to a seller will be received on time and for the correct amount.
INTERESTS PROTECTED
The Fourth Amendment of the U.S. Constitution provides that "the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by Oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized." The ultimate goal of this provision is to protect people’s right to privacy and freedom from unreasonable intrusions by the government. However, the Fourth Amendment does not guarantee protection from all searches and seizures, but only those done by the government and deemed unreasonable under the law. To claim violation of Fourth Amendment as the basis for suppressing a relevant evidence, the court had long required that the claimant must prove that he himself was the victim of an invasion of privacy to have a valid standing to claim protection under the Fourth Amendment. However, the Supreme Court has departed from such requirement, issue of exclusion is to be determined solely upon a resolution of the substantive question whether the claimant's Fourth Amendment rights have been violated, which in turn requires that the claimant demonstrates a justifiable expectation of privacy, which was arbitrarily violated by the government. In general, most warrantless searches of private premises are prohibited under the Fourth Amendment, unless specific exception applies. For instance, a warrantless search may be lawful, if an officer has asked and is given consent to search; if the search is incident to a lawful arrest; if there is probable cause to search and there is exigent circumstance calling for the warrantless search. Exigent circumstances exist in situations where a situation where people are in imminent danger, where evidence faces imminent destruction, or prior to a suspect's imminent escape. On the other hand, warrantless search and seizure of properties are not illegal, if the objects being searched are in plain view. Further, warrantless seizure of abandoned property, or of properties on an open field do not violate Fourth Amendment, because it is considered that having expectation of privacy right to an abandoned property or to properties on an open field is not reasonable. However, in some states, there are some exception to this limitation, where some state authorities have granted protection to open fields. States can always establish higher standards for searches and seizures protection than what is required by the Fourth Amendment, but states cannot allow conducts that violate the Fourth Amendment. Where there was a violation of one’s fourth amendment rights by federal officials, A bivens action can be filed against federal law enforcement officials for damages, resulting from an unlawful search and seizure. Under the Bivens action, the claimant needs to prove that there has been a constitutional violation of the fourth amendment rights by federal officials acting under the color of law. However, the protection under the Fourth Amendment can be waived if one voluntarily consents to or does not object to evidence collected during a warrantless search or seizure.
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Probate is the entire process of administering a dead person's estate. This involves organising their money, assets and possessions and distributing them as inheritance – after paying any taxes and debts. If the deceased has left a Will, it will name someone that they've chosen to administer their estate.
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The advantage of discretion here allows an official to focus their energy on specific situations where the law gets broken in a reckless manner. Officers can also make contact with individuals that they believe could be hiding something or have broken serious laws that require an intervention to keep others safe.
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Brainliest pls
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Por fuera del poder judicial, crearía un organismo colegiado formado igualitariamente por miembros pertenecientes a los distintos partidos políticos que se hubieran presentado en las elecciones presidenciales: por ejemplo, si hubiesen participado 5 partidos, cada uno tendría una participación del 20% en dicho organismo.
Este organismo tendría la función de evaluar las políticas del gobierno y, a través de mayorías simples, emitir dictámenes evaluatorios periódicos respecto del poder ejecutivo, pudiendo, en caso de creerlo conveniente, remitir causas al poder judicial para evaluar las políticas llevadas a cabo y declararlas nulas.
