Answer:
How cloning works: In reproductive cloning, researchers remove a mature somatic cell, such as a skin cell, from an animal that they wish to copy. They then transfer the DNA of the donor animal's somatic cell into an egg cell, or oocyte, that has had its own DNA-containing nucleus removed. ... This young animal is referred to as a clone.
Basics of cloning:
Isolation of target DNA fragments (often referred to as inserts)
Ligation of inserts into an appropriate cloning vector, creating recombinant molecules (e.g., plasmids)
Transformation of recombinant plasmids into bacteria or other suitable host for propagation.
Screening/selection of hosts containing the intended recombinant plasmid .
Explanation:
The difference between them is that they are active in fighting infection.
Plasma cells are active in defense during the first exposure to invaders like viruses or bacteria producing antibodies. Memory cells last longer and make a copy of the invaders. This allows an extremely rapid defense later in case of a second exposure.
Glycogen is a polysaccharide composed of alpha glucose monomers which are a respiritory substrate involved in the production of energy (ATP).
Answer:
The mRNA transcript that is produced in the nucleus is in immature form, it had to get matured, and then its capping and tailing is done. 5' cap is added and a poly A tail is added at 3' end of this mRNA. This helps it to get matured. moreover for its maturation the non-coding regions (introns) are removed and exons are packed up again to form a mature mRNA.
This mature mRNA then proceeds to its way to the ribosomes for translation of proteins.
