Radiation is responsible for the greatest loss of energy.
Initially, when scientists were first using the taxonomy system to classify living organisms there were only considered to be 2 kingdoms: plants and animals. However, when the microscope was invented, scientists were able to observe differences in organisms at the cellular level! They were also able to observe microscopic living organisms like bacteria that they had not been able to observe before. Scientists realized it was necessary to add 4 new kingdoms to account for the observations they had not seen before the invention of the microscope.
Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) is a simple rod-shaped helical virus that contains single stranded RNA situated at its middle and is surrounded by a protein coat called capsid. After tobacco mosaic virus enters its infected host cells through mechanical inoculation, it removes its capsid to release its single stranded viral nucleic acid which is then transported into the nucleolus. The single stranded viral RNA actuates the production of specific enzymes (RNA polymerases) and it also produces another RNA strand (replicative RNA). The new viral-RNAs are transported from the nucleus into the cytoplasm and functions as messenger-RNAs (mRNAs). Each mRNA, ribosomes, and t-RNA, of the infected host cell all controls the production of protein subunits (capsomeres). After the production of the preferred capsomeres, the new viral-RNAs arrange the capsomeres around it which lead to the production of a complete virus particle (virion). The viruses then migrate from one cell to another. Hence, creating organized infection.
