Answer:
D) 
Explanation:
Carbon.
The electronic configuration is -
Thus, 2s orbital is fully filled and p orbital can singly filled 3 electrons. Thus, Carbon has 2 singly occupied orbitals.
But in methane, 
it forms 4 bonds. So, 1 electron each from 2s orbital jumps to the next orbital in the p subshell.
Thus, the configuration is:-
Thus, the valence electron configuration is:-
A reaction occurs between the two gases Chlorine monofluoride (ClF) and Fluorine (F₂) when they are added together and as a result of the reaction a compound named, Chlorine trifluoride (ClF₃) is formed.
The reaction which occurs by addition of Chlorine monofluoride (ClF) and Fluorine (F₂) is as follows -
ClF (g) + F₂ (g) = ClF₃ (l)
When one molecule of Chlorine monofluoride (ClF) reacts with one molecule of Fluorine (F₂) gas, both the gases react together to form one molecule of Chlorine trifluoride (ClF₃) which is a liquid. Therefore, the above reaction is already balanced.
Chlorine trifluoride (ClF₃) is a greenish-yellow liquid which acts as an important fluorinating agent and is also an interhalogen compound (compounds that are formed by mixing two different halogen compounds together). Other than it's liquid state ClF₃ also can exist as a colorless gas. This compound ClF₃ is a very toxic, very corrosive and powerful oxidizer used as an igniter and propellent in rockets.
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Gasoline contains C and H atoms. During combustion, the carbon (C) from the fuel combines with oxygen (O2) from the air to produce carbon dioxide (CO2).
2 C8H18 + 25 O2 → 16 CO2 + 18 H2O.
Combustion reactions release large amounts of heat. They have negative enthalpy. A negative enthalpy represents an exothermic reaction, releasing heat. This reaction is spontaneous and exothermic, since we can obtain energy from the reaction; the ΔG (free energy) is negative (So 1 is true).
ΔG < 0, so the free energy of the system decreases with the reaction. Remember that when there is a negative ΔG the reaction goes from higher free energy to lower free energy, like in this case.
The empirical formula is = C2H4O2
Molecular formula=C2H4O2
<h3>Calculation of
Molecular formula and empirical formula:-</h3>
Vinegar has three elements:
oxygen = 53.29%,
hydrogen = 6.70%,
and carbon = 40.01%.
We can create an equation for the total mass of vinegar with 'a' carbon atom,' b' hydrogen atom, and 'c' oxygen atoms using the molar masses of C, H, and O.
12*a + 1*b + 16*c = 60
We also know that C makes up 24 g/mol, or 40.01 percent, of the overall mass of 60 g/mol.
The formula contains two C atoms because each C atom has a molecular mass of 12 g/mol. You may determine that the formula contains 4 H and 2 O atoms by using the same reasoning for H and O.
The empirical formula is = C2H4O2
Molecular formula= (C2H4O2)n
(4 x 12 + 1 x 4 + 16 x 2)n = 60
(84)n = 60
n=60/84
n=0.71=1
Molecular formula=C2H4O2
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The mass of sodium sulphate, Na₂SO₄, required to prepare the solution is 10.65 g
<h3>How to determine the mole of sodium sulphate Na₂SO₄</h3>
- Volume = 250 mL = 250 / 1000 = 0.25 L
- Molarity = 0.3 M
Mole = Molarity x Volume
Mole of Na₂SO₄ = 0.3 × 0.25
Mole of Na₂SO₄ = 0.075 mole
<h3>How to determine the mass of sodium sulphate Na₂SO₄</h3>
- Molar mass of Na₂SO₄ = 142.05 g/mol
- Mole of Na₂SO₄ = 0.075 mole
Mass = mole × molar mass
Mass of Na₂SO₄ = 0.075 × 142.05
Mass of Na₂SO₄ = 10.65 g
Thus, 10.65 g of Na₂SO₄ is needed to prepare the solution.
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