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3 years ago

How is it possible for there to be more than one kind of atom of the same element?

Chemistry

2 answers:

tiny-mole [99]3 years ago

6 0

They are called isotopes.

Isotopes have the same number of electrons and protons in their unionized state. They differ in the number of neutrons. The first and simplest example is hydrogen.

The most common hydrogen has

1 proton

1 electron and

0 neutrons

It has 2 cousins

1 proton

1 electron

1 neutron

And

1 proton

1 electron

2 neutrons.

Most elements have some differences in the number of neutrons present in their nuclei. Cesium and Xenon have the most number of isotopes. Each has 36. You wonder how the atoms are held together.

stich3 [128]3 years ago

3 0

protons determine what element it is, but there are still electrons and neutrons. if, for example, there are three protons in an atom, it's a lithium atom no matter what. however, if it has any more or any less than three electrons, it's an ion (an atom with a charge). if it has any more or any less than three neutrons, it's an isotope (which has a different mass than a normal atom of an element, and is also radioactive).

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mestny [16]

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2 years ago

a gas has an intial volume of 2.75L at a temperature of 285K. if the temperature changes to 380K, what is the new volume of the

olganol [36]

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3 years ago

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2 years ago

what is the molarity of a solution made by dissolving 21.2 g of sodium hydroxide in enough water to make 7.92 L of solution

VashaNatasha [74]

Answer:

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4 0

2 years ago

A. Explain, in terms of particles, why NaCl(s) does not conduct electricity.

yawa3891 [41]

Answer:

Ionic bonds hold charged particles in solid NaCl together, such that they are unable to move or conduct electricity.

Explanation:

Consider an electric current that flows through a conductor: charge moves in a uniform direction from one end of the conductor towards the other.

Thus, there are two conditions for a substance to conduct electricity:

The substance shall contain charged particles, and
These charged particles shall be free to move across the substance.

A conductor of electricity shall meet both requirements.

Now, consider the structure of solid NaCl $\rm NaCl\;(s)$ . NaCl is an ionic compound. It contains an ocean of oppositely charged ions:

Positive $\rm Na^{+}$ ions, and
Negative $\rm Cl^{-}$ ions.

Ions carry charge. Thus, solid NaCl contains charged particles and satisfies the first condition.

Inside solid NaCl $\rm NaCl\;(s)$ , electrostatic attractions ("ionic bonds") between the oppositely charged ions hold these ions in rigid ionic lattices. These ions are unable to move relative to each other. As a result, they cannot flow through the solid to conduct electricity. Under solid state, NaCl is unable to satisfy the second condition.

As a side note, melting NaCl into a liquid breaks the ionic bonds and free the ions from the lattice. Liquid NaCl is a conductor of electricity.

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2 years ago