<u>Antibiotics are used to kill bacteria:</u>
Antibiotic is a naturally produced substance that is used to kill bacteria. The first antibiotic was penicillin produced from fungus. The word antibiotic means against life which means it is against the life of pathogenic bacteria.
In the case of the living organism that is treated antibiotic is ‘pro life’. Antimicrobials are used to kill pathogenic microbes like fungus, bacteria, virus etc. Sometimes the microbes become resistant to the antimicrobials and they are said to develop is antimicrobial resistance.
When pathogens develop antimicrobial resistance newer drugs have to be developed in place of the earlier ones to treat the disease.
Answer: Option E) polar
Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they are polar
Explanation:
Amino acid-derived and peptide hormones such as serotonin, epinephrine, dopamine etc, are unable to diffuse across a cell membrane because they consist of several repeating units of amino acids with positively charged or negatively charged side chains.
Thus, the side chains make these hormones water-loving (hydrophilic), and impassable to the hydrophobic layer of the cell membrane.
Connective tissues support the tissues of the mucosa and connect it to the muscularis layer.
The blood supply of the submucosa provides nutrients to the wall of the stomach. Nervous tissue in the submucosa monitors the contents of the stomach and controls smooth muscle contraction and secretion of digestive substances.
<h3>What is the function of the stomach?</h3>
The stomach secretes acid and enzymes that digest food. Ridges of muscle tissue called rugae line the stomach.
The stomach muscles contract periodically, churning food to enhance digestion. The pyloric sphincter is a muscular valve that opens to allow food to pass from the stomach to the small intestine.
Thus, this could be the answer.
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