The apoplast in plant tissues consists of<u> cell walls, extracellular spaces, and vessel elements</u>
Explanation:
In plant cells, apoplasts refer to the extracellular space present outside the plasma membrane. These are formed by continuous cell walls arranged adjacent to each other.
The main function of apoplasts is transportation of water and other solutes between tissues and organs by free diffusion of molecules via the plasma membrane.
This pathway called the apoplastic pathway constituted by its vessel elements, cell walls, and extracellular space aids in passive absorption by roots
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The lipids that could be classified as a precursor for both testosterone and Vitamin D is cholesterol. It has been studied that Vitamin D can have a direct effect on the levels of cholesterol in the body especially for women who are obese and postmenopausal.
Reproductive isolation occurs when barriers prevent two populations from interbreeding – keeping their gene pools separate
There are two main categories of reproductive isolation barriers:
Prezygotic isolation – occurs before fertilisation can occur (no offspring are produced)
Postzygotic isolation – occurs after fertilisation (offspring are either not viable or infertile)
Prezygotic isolation barriers can be temporal, behavioural, geographic / ecological or mechanical; whereas postzygotic isolation barriers include the inviability, infertility or breakdown of hybrid organisms
Reproductive Isolation Mechanisms
reproductive isolation
Temporal Isolation
Temporal isolation occurs when two populations differ in their periods of activity or reproductive cycles
Example: Leopard frogs and wood frogs reach sexual maturity at different times in the spring and hence cannot interbreed
Behavioural Isolation
Behavioural isolation occurs when two populations exhibit different specific courtship patterns
Example: Certain populations of crickets may be morphologically identical but only respond to specific mating songs
Geographic Isolation
Geographic isolation occurs when two populations occupy different habitats or separate niches within a common region
Example: Lions and tigers occupy different habitats and do not interbreed (usually)
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