Answer:
cancer
Explanation:
Cancer can disrupt the cell cycle. Cancer is unchecked cell growth. Cell cycle is the process in which cells progress and divide. Mutations (random and sudden spontaneous changes) in genes can cause cancer by accelerating cell division rates or inhibiting normal controls on the system, such as cell cycle arrest or programmed cell death.
Thymine always pairs with adenine.
Answer:
Mechanical
Explanation:
Tearing food into smaller pieces doesn't need any sort of chemical reaction to take place in order for it to happen. It is done physically or mechanically.
Hope this helps!
Answer:
A. The fern transitioned from gametophyte generation to sporophyte generation.
Explanation:
Ferns undergo an ALTERNATION of GENERATIONS in their reproductive life cycle. That is, they alternate between an incospicuous gametophytic stage and a dominant sporophytic stage. The sporophyte produces haploid spores, which germinates into the gametophyte plant called PROTHALLUS.
The gametophyte produces gametes (male and female) which fuse together to form the diploid zygote, which eventually develops into the SPOROPHYTE plant via mitosis. In this question, the brown dots from the underside of a fern's leaves that Maria collected are the spores.
When she places them in a pot, the spores germinated into gametophyte stage, then formed sporophyte, which is the small leaves she noticed growing from the pot. From this, it can be observed that the fern is transitioning from GAMETOPHYTE generation to SPOROPHYTE generation.
<span>proton gradient</span> establishment
Chemiosmosis is the process that allows the diffusion of a
molecule or an atom through the membrane. Also, it is the movement of ions
across semipermeable membrane down their electrochemical gradients. In chloroplast,
chemiosmotic coupling is an important factor in ATP production through proton
gradient establishment.
