Answer:
Any process that involves active transport most often involves the expenditure of energy in the form of ATP hydrolysis.
Explanation:
Active transport in cells is a form of transport which involves the transport of solute molecules across a membrane against a concentration gradient using energy provided from some chemical reaction occuring in the cell.
Active transport is an endergonic (energy-requiring) process and therefore, must proceed only when coupled to an exergonic (energy-releasing) process such as the breakdown of ATP, an oxidation reaction, absorption of sunlight, etc.
In many instances in cell, such as the Na/K pump, ATP hydrolysis is the the common exergonic reaction to which active transport is coupled to.
Surface to volume i think
Image result for Is work done when you carry a book across the room at a constant velocity
Work is not done when you carry an object forward. You may have learnt that carrying an object and moving horizontally at a constant velocity has no work done. The truth is, there is a slight amount of work done due to overcoming air resistance in the horizontal direction.
Soil type would be a factor that does not influence mass movement
