Planning, Programming, Budgeting and Execution (PPBE) is the budgeting review for the next fiscal year occurs while one FY budget is being executed and the next fiscal year is being enacted.
<h3> <u>
What is a budget?</u></h3>
- A budget is an estimate of income and expenditures for a given future period of time, and it is often created and updated on a regular basis.
- A individual, a group of people, a corporation, a government, or pretty much anything else that makes and spends money can all have budgets.
- Budgeting is essential if you want to control your monthly spending, be ready for life's unforeseen events, and be able to buy expensive products without falling into debt.
It doesn't have to be tedious, you don't have to be brilliant at arithmetic, and keeping track of your income and expenses doesn't mean you can't buy the items you want. Simply put, it means you'll be more in charge of your finances and know where your money is going.
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The general guideline for the segregation of duties is that the following areas should be separated by accounting controls : 1. custody of assets, 2. authorization of transactions, and 3. record-keeping responsibilities.
<h3>Give a brief account on segregation of duties.</h3>
The assignment of distinct steps in a process to different personnel is known as the segregation of duties. By exercising extreme control over a process, the goal is to prevent situations in which someone might steal something or do another fraud. In essence, distinct parties should have physical custody of an asset, record-keeping responsibilities for it, and acquisition and disposal authority.
A key component of a control system is the separation of roles. When evaluating an entity's system of internal controls, auditors will consider duty segregation and will give the system a lower rating if there are any segregation problems.
The auditors will change their methods when there are segregation problems because they will presume that the danger of fraud has increased. This method shift typically entails a rise in audit workload, which is passed on to the customer in the form of higher audit fees.
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-.444 anything divided by nine is the numerator repeating, just add a - sign
"Critical thinking" is one skill or ability among the following choices given in the question that Shannon will need the most to be effective in this position. The correct option among all the options that are given in the question is the first option or option "a". I hope that this is the answer that has come to your great help.
Answer:
Is the best method of analyzing mutually exclusive projects.
Explanation:
Net present value is equal to the present value of all the future cash flows of a project, less the initial outlay of project.
Net present value analysis simply concluded about a project to be worth doing when it finds the present value of future cash flows greater than the initial investment and vice versa.
We just have to see which is higher, the present value of future cash flows or the initial investment.
It is assumed that an investment with a positive NPV will be profitable, and an investment with a negative NPV will result in a net loss.
