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posledela
4 years ago
6

What did emest Rutherford’s gold foil experiment demonstrate about atoms

Chemistry
1 answer:
nekit [7.7K]4 years ago
7 0

The alpha particles that were fired at the gold foil were positively charged. ... These experiments led Rutherford to describe the atom as containing mostly empty space, with a very small, dense, positively charged nucleus at the center, which contained most of the mass of the atom, with the electrons orbiting the nucleus.

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They move chromosomes to opposite poles (during anaphase in the cell cycle)
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An object that has the ability to do work has __________ energy. (4 points)
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8. A 0.456mg sample of hydrogen-3 was collected. After 24.52 years, 0.114 mg of the
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3 years ago
The reaction 2HI → H2 + I2 is second order in [HI] and second order overall. The rate constant of the reaction at 700°C is 1.57
In-s [12.5K]

Answer:

1.135 M.

Explanation:

  • For the reaction: <em>2HI → H₂ + I₂,</em>

The reaction is a second order reaction of HI,so the rate law of the reaction is: Rate = k[HI]².

  • To solve this problem, we can use the integral law of second-order reactions:

<em>1/[A] = kt + 1/[A₀],</em>

where, k is the reate constant of the reaction (k = 1.57 x 10⁻⁵ M⁻¹s⁻¹),

t is the time of the reaction (t = 8 hours x 60 x 60 = 28800 s),

[A₀] is the initial concentration of HI ([A₀] = ?? M).

[A] is the remaining concentration of HI after hours ([A₀] = 0.75 M).

∵ 1/[A] = kt + 1/[A₀],

∴ 1/[A₀] = 1/[A] - kt

∴ 1/[A₀] = [1/(0.75 M)] - (1.57 x 10⁻⁵ M⁻¹s⁻¹)(28800 s) = 1.333 M⁻¹ - 0.4522 M⁻¹ = 0.8808 M⁻¹.

∴ [A₀] = 1/(0.0.8808 M⁻¹) = 1.135 M.

<em>So, the concentration of HI 8 hours earlier = 1.135 M.</em>

8 0
3 years ago
At 85°C, the vapor pressure of A is 566 torr and that of B is 250 torr. Calculate the composition of a mixture of A and B that b
Phantasy [73]

Answer:

Composition of the mixture:

x_{A} =0.652=65.2 %

x_{B} =0.348=34.8 %

Composition of the vapor mixture:

y_{A} =0.809=80.9%

y_{B} =0.191=19.1%

Explanation:

If the ideal solution model is assumed, and the vapor phase is modeled as an ideal gas, the vapor pressure of a binary mixture with x_{A} and x_{B} molar fractions can be calculated as:

P_{vap}=x_{A}P_{A}+x_{B}P_{B}

Where P_{A} and P_{B} are the vapor pressures of the pure compounds. A substance boils when its vapor pressure is equal to the pressure under it is; so it boils when P_{vap}=P. When the pressure is 0.60 atm, the vapor pressure has to be the same if the mixture is boiling, so:

0.60*760=P_{vap}=x_{A}P_{A}+x_{B}P_{B}\\456=x_{A}P_{A}+(1-x_{A})P_{B}\\456=x_{A}*(P_{A}-P_{B})+P_{B}\\\frac{456-P_{B}}{P_{A}-P_{B}}=x_{A}\\\\\frac{456-250}{566-250}=x_{A}=0.652

With the same assumptions, the vapor mixture may obey to the equation:

x_{A}P_{A}=y_{A}P, where P is the total pressure and y is the fraction in the vapor phase, so:

y_{A} =\frac{x_{A}P_{A}}{P}=\frac{0.652*566}{456} =0.809=80.9 %

The fractions of B can be calculated according to the fact that the sum of the molar fractions is equal to 1.

7 0
3 years ago
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