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Answer:
The correct answer is letter "B": It is used to monitor shopper behavior to assess a product's performance.
Explanation:
Simulated Test Marketing or STM is a simulation of a real market place to evaluate consumers' reactions to a product that is going to be introduced or that is already in the market but some sort of assessment is necessary to boost its sales. STM is useful to estimate demand and conduct a market analysis.
Answer:
$414,282.91
Explanation:
The issue price of the bonds is also known as the Present Value (PV) or current price of the Bonds and is calculated as :
FV = $440,000
PMT = ($440,000 x 9%) ÷ 2 = $19,800
P/yr = 2
N = 9 x 2 = 18
I/yr = 10%
PV = ?
Using a Financial calculator to input the values as above, the PV or issue price will be $414,282.91
International business research is only beginning to develop theory and evidence highlighting the importance of supranational regional institutions to explain firm internationalization. In this context, we offer new theory and evidence regarding the effect of a region's "institutional complexity" on foreign direct investment decisions by multinational enterprises (MNEs). We define a region's institutional complexity using two components, regional institutional diversity and number of countries. We explore the unique relationships of both components with MNEs' decisions to internationalize into countries within the region. Drawing on semiglobalization and regionalization research and institutional theory, we posit an inverted U-shaped relationship between a region's institutional diversity and MNE internationalization: extremely low or high regional institutional diversity has negative effects on internationalization, but moderate diversity has a positive effect on internationalization. Larger numbers of countries within the region reduces MNE internationalization in a linear fashion. We find support for these predicted relationships in multilevel analyses of 698 Japanese MNEs operating in 49 countries within 9 regions. Regional institutional complexity is both a challenge and an opportunity for MNEs seeking advantages through the aggregation and arbitrage of individual country factors.