2x was subtracted from both sides.
A. Subtraction Property of Equality
I assume the rug is rectangle.
The area of rectangle is width (W) multiply by hight (H)

The rug is

meters wide
2x-7=43
2x=50
x=25
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I'm not sure about part B, but part A will have the answer "if Ron eats lunch today, then he will drink a glass of milk" (without quotes of course)
The idea is that we have these arguments in symbolic form
P = Ron eats lunch today
Q = Ron eats a sandwich
R = Ron will drink a glass of milk
The format is
"If P then Q" ----> "if Q then R" so therefore "If P then R"
We see that P leads to Q, then Q leads to R. So overall P leads to R. We connect them as a chain of sorts. We can skip over Q since we know the first point will lead to the last. Think of it as a shortcut of sorts.