Answer:
Transactional Leadership
Explanation:
Leadership refers to stimulating and inducing the subordinates so as to extract the desired response or action, which is directed towards achievement of organizational goals and objectives.
Transactional leadership refers to the form of leadership wherein, the leader is very particular about the organizational structure, hierarchy and direction. This form of leadership is more formal in nature wherein incentives are defined to reward good performance.
The leader's focus is upon issuing directions and ensure abidance to organizational rules and norms. The approach lays utmost emphasis upon compliance and efficiency. It is conventional form of leadership and reactive in nature.
In the given case, Malcolm provides pay raise to his subordinates who meet their yearly goals and also supervises and monitors the efficiency of his subordinates. Malcolm's approach depicts transactional form of leadership.
A is the correct answer choice
Answer:
According to Lawrence Kohlberg, the age at which children achieve an understanding of gender as invariant across situations occurs at the same time when children begin to succeed on Piagetian conservation problems. Kohlberg argued that both achievements reflect the same stage of thinking.
Explanation:
From the point of view of L. Kolberg, the formation of a gender stereotype begins in the preschool years and depends on the general intellectual development of the child. This process is associated with the manifestation of self-categorization: assimilation of the idea of a man - a woman, defining oneself in one of these qualities, aligning one's behavior with the standard.
