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lyudmila [28]
4 years ago
11

Sodium symbol and charge, and use this to determine the compounds formula?

Chemistry
1 answer:
Leni [432]4 years ago
6 0
Symbol          Name                    Symbol          Name

H+              hydrogen ion            H-              hydride

Li+             lithium ion             F-             fluoride

Na+             sodium ion              Cl-             chloride

K+              potassium ion           Br-             bromide

Rb+             rubidium ion            I-              iodide

Cs+             cesiumion              O2-              oxide

Be2+             beryllium ion           S2-              sulfide

Mg2+             magnesium ion           Se2-             selenide

Ca2+             calcium ion             Te2-             telluride

Sr2+             strontium ion           N3-              nitride

Ba2+             barium ion              P3-              phosphide

Ra2+             radium ion              As3-             arsenide

Ag+             silver ion

Zn2+             zinc ion                Al3+             aluminum ion

 

Note that the letters in an ion's name before the -ideending is the stem.

For example, the stem for bromide is brom-. Also, just in case, the P for

phosphide is a capital P.

 

 

Symbols and Charges for Monoatomic Ions

 

 

Variable Charge

 

        Systematic nameCommon                  Systematic name Common

Symbol  (Stock system)  name            Symbol  (Stock system)  name

Cu+     copper(I)       cuprous         Hg22+    mercury(I)      mercurous

Cu2+     copper(II)      cupric          Hg2+     mercury(II)     mercuric

Fe2+     iron(II)        ferrous         Pb2+     lead(II)        plumbous

Fe3+     iron(III)       ferric          Pb4+     lead(IV)        plumbic

Sn2+     tin(II)         stannous        Co2+     cobalt(II)      cobaltous

Sn4+     tin(IV)         stannic         Co3+     cobalt(III)     cobaltic

Cr2+     chromium(II)    chromous        Ni2+     nickel(II)      nickelous

Cr3+     chromium(III)   chromic         Ni4+     nickel(IV)      nickelic

Mn2+     manganese(II)   manganous       Au+     gold(I)         aurous

Mn3+     manganese(III)  manganic        Au3+     gold(III)       auric


 

Symbols and Charges for Polyatomic Ions

 

Formula         Name                    Formula         Name

NO3-             nitrate                 ClO4-            perchlorate

NO2-             nitrite                 ClO3-            chlorate

CrO42-           chromate                ClO2-            chlorite

Cr2O72-           dichromate              ClO-            hypochlorite

CN-             cyanide                 IO4-             periodate

MnO4-            permanganate            IO3-             iodate

OH-             hydroxide               IO-            hypoiodite

O22-             peroxide                BrO3-            bromate

NH2-             amide                   BrO-            hypobromite

CO32-            carbonate               HCO3-            hydrogen carbonate (bicarbonate)

 

SO42-            sulfate                 HSO4-            hydrogen sulfate (bisulfate)

SO32-            sulfite                 HSO3-            hydrogen sulfite (bisulfite)   

C2O42-            oxalate                 HC2O4-           hydrogenoxalate (binoxalate)

PO43-            phosphate               HPO42-           hydrogen phosphate     

PO33-            phosphite               H2PO4-           dihydrogen phosphate   

S2O32-            thiosulfate             HS-             hydrogen sulfide         

AsO43-           arsenate                BO33-            borate

SeO42-           selenate                B4O72-            tetraborate

SiO32-           silicate                SiF62-           hexafluorosilicate

C4H4O62-  tartrate

 

C2H3O2-           acetate  (an alternate way to write acetate is CH3COO-)

 

There is one positive polyatomic ion. It is NH4+and is called the ammonium ion.

 

Note: Writing just the plus sign or minus sign for ions with +1 or -1 charges is

acceptable.



 



Binary Compounds of Metals with Fixed Charges

Given Formula, Write the Name

 

A binary compound is one made of two different elements. There can be one of each element such as in NaCl or KF. There can also be several of each element such as Na2O or AlBr3.

Please remember that all elements involved in this lesson have ONLY ONE charge. That includes BOTHthe cation AND the anion involved in the formula.

Points to remember about naming a compound from its formula

1.        The order for names in a binary compound is first the cation, then the anion.

2.        Use the name of cation with a fixed oxidation state directly from the periodic table.

3.        The name of the anion will be made from the root of the element's name plus the suffix "-ide."

 

 

Example 1: Write the name of the following formula: H2S

Step #1 - Look at first element and name it. Result of this step = hydrogen.

Step #2 - Look at second element. Use root of its full name ( which is sulf-) plus the ending "-ide." Result of this step = sulfide.

These two steps give the full name of H2S. Notice that the presence of the subscript is ignored. There are other types of binary compounds where you must pay attention to the subscript. Those compounds involve cations with variable charges. Your teacher will tell you which ones you will be held responsible for.

 

Example 2: Write the name of the following formula: NaCl

Step #1 - Look at first element and name it. Result of this step = sodium.

Step #2 - Look at second element. Use root of its full name ( which is chlor-) plus the ending "-ide." Result of this step = chloride.

 

Example 3: Write the name of the following formula: MgBr2

Step #1 - Look at first element and name it. Result of this step = magnesium.

Step #2 - Look at second element. Use root of its full name ( which is brom-) plus the ending "-ide." Result of this step = bromide.

Note the presence of the subscript does not play a role in this name.

 

Example 4: Write the name of the following formula: KCl

The first part of the name comes from the first element symbol: potassium. The second part of the name comes from the root of the second symbol plus '-ide,' therefore chlor + ide = chloride.

This compound is named potassium chloride

 

Example 5: Write the name of the following formula: Na2S

First symbol is Na, so the first part of the name is sodium. (Note the presence of the subscript does not play a role in this name.) Second element is sulfur (from the symbol S), so the name is sulf + ide = sulfide.
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Which element would have the lowest electronegativity? (1 point)
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The element which would have the lowest electronegativity is: an element with a small number of valence electrons and a large atomic radius.

Atomic radii can be defined as a measure of the size (distance) of the atom of a chemical element such as hydrogen, oxygen, carbon, nitrogen etc, typically from the nucleus to the valence electrons. The atomic radius of a chemical element decreases across the periodic table, typically from alkali metals (group one elements such as hydrogen, lithium and sodium) to noble gases (group eight elements such as argon, helium and neon). Also, the atomic radius of a chemical element increases down each group of the periodic table, typically from top to bottom (column).

Generally, atoms with relatively large atomic radii tend to have a low electronegativity, ionization energy and a low electron affinity.

Valence electrons can be defined as the number of electrons present in the outermost shell of an atom. Thus, number of valence electrons is typically used to determine the chemical properties of elements such as electronegativity.  

Electronegativity can be defined as the ability or tendency of the atom of an chemical element to attract any shared pair of electrons.

In conclusion, a chemical element that has small number of valence electrons and a large atomic radius would have the lowest electronegativity.

Find more information: brainly.com/question/24370190

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