Preventable injuries, like car accidents, are the leading cause of death among children and youth ages 1-24 nationwide. Among young children ages 1-4, the most common cause of unintentional injury-related death is drowning; among 5- to 24-year-olds, it is motor vehicle accidents).
Most canyons were formed by a process of long-time erosion from a plateau or table-land level. The cliffs form because harder rock strata that are resistant to erosion and weathering remain exposed on the valley walls.
There is one word to describe the culture in the Middle Ages and that is barbaric. While some countries were better than others at maintaining order and the education of their society it was quite a rough time to exist when people had little to no rights.