It's mite be c or a if not then b definitely
Hey, I'm a little confused on what your asking but. Heres my answers. No, HIV can only be contracted through sexual contact
Answer and Explanation:
Meditation is a way of easing and clearing the mind through physical relaxation in a certain form. Many religions have done meditation for centuries to respect their gods or their traditions. An example of this is Buddhists. They have used meditation to clear their minds. It is said that the reasoning is, "to still the mind".
I hope this helped you out! :)
Answer:
b. The rats press the lever least when cocaine is presented.
Explanation:
Reinforcement or reward refers to the physiological processes by which a given behavior, such as drug use, becomes habitual. This occurs when neurons release the neurotransmitter dopamine to the nucleus accumbens (NAc) after drug use.
In tobacco, nicotine is the main component triggering of the reinforcement. Once inside the brain, nicotine activates nicotinic receptors, which in turn contributes to the reinforcement mechanism. Following repeated exposure to nicotine, a neuroadaptation process is established for some (but not all) effects of nicotine. Increased brain nAChRs (acetylcoline receptors) are observed in response to desensitization of these nicotine-mediated receptors. This desensitization can play an important role in the development of tolerance and dependence.
The fact that nicotine is a weak reinforcer, means that maybe the rat already had an neuroadaptation with this drug, not feeling anything with this drug anymore, and thats why he would prefer other drug, like cocaine, pressing the lever of nicotine less often.
