Explanation:
The Earth’s lithosphere, which includes the crust and upper mantle, is made up of a series of pieces, or tectonic plates, that move slowly over time.
A divergent boundary occurs when two tectonic plates move away from each other. Along these boundaries, earthquakes are common and magma (molten rock) rises from the Earth’s mantle to the surface, solidifying to create new oceanic crust.
When two plates come together, it is known as a convergent boundary. The impact of the colliding plates can cause the edges of one or both plates to buckle up into a mountain ranges or one of the plates may bend down into a deep seafloor trench. A chain of volcanoes often forms parallel to convergent plate boundaries and powerful earthquakes are common along these boundaries.
At convergent plate boundaries, oceanic crust is often forced down into the mantle where it begins to melt. Magma rises into and through the other plate, solidifying into granite, the rock that makes up the continents. Thus, at convergent boundaries, continental crust is created and oceanic crust is destroyed.
Two plates sliding past each other forms a transform plate boundary. Natural or human-made structures that cross a transform boundary are offset—split into pieces and carried in opposite directions. Rocks that line the boundary are pulverized as the plates grind along, creating a linear fault valley or undersea canyon. Earthquakes are common along these faults. In contrast to convergent and divergent boundaries, crust is cracked and broken at transform margins, but is not created or destroyed.
B. A boat is moved <span>forward by a current</span>
Agricultural economies are still used in some countries of the Middle East, especially where other natural resources are few. These economies are often associated with a lower standard of living. Herding and livestock raising is a common means of income in areas too dry for farming. Animals raised include cattle, goats, and sheep. Farming often occurs along the coasts, but may also occur in drier areas if irrigation watering methods are used. Some people choose to practice subsistence farming methods, growing only enough food to feed their families. With little fertile soil in the region, it is tough to make a living growing and selling large quantities of crops. Major crops in the Middle East include wheat, cotton, and citrus fruit.
