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Elza [17]
2 years ago
13

Briefly describe how a potentiometric pHmeter works. (Hint: Describe how the pH meter measures the amount of H+ or OH- ions in a

sample)
ii. Describe how an organic pH indicator works. (illustrate using chemical equations and
mathematical expressions)

Chemistry
1 answer:
KengaRu [80]2 years ago
4 0

Answer:

Indicators show changes in the pH of a solution

Explanation:

A pH meter is an instrument that measures the hydrogen-ion activity in aqueous solutions, indicating the acidity or alkalinity of the solution expressed as pH .The pH meter measures the difference in electrical potential between a pH electrode and a reference electrode, hence the pH meter is sometimes referred to as a potentiometric pH meter. Potentiometric pH meters measure the voltage between two electrodes and display the result converted into the corresponding pH value. The instrument comprises of a simple electronic amplifier and a pair of electrodes, or alternatively a combination electrode, and some form of display calibrated in pH units. It usually has a glass electrode and a reference electrode, or a combination electrode. The electrodes, or probes, are inserted into the solution to be tested.

Organic indicators are chemical species that change their colour in response to changes in the pH of the solution. This implies that the anionic and protonated forms of the indicator possess different colours. Hence the colour changes in acidic, basic and neutral solutions. The images attached indicate the colour changes in phenolphthalein and methyl orange in acidic and basic media accordingly.

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Answer:

0.0375 moles HBr

Explanation:

we are given;

  • Molarity of HBr solution as 0.15 M
  • Volume of the solution as 250 mL

We are required to determine the number of moles;

We need to know that;

Molarity = Moles ÷ Volume

Therefore;

Moles of HBr = Molarity of HBr solution × Volume of solution

Thus;

Moles of HBr = 0.15 M × 0.25 L

                      = 0.0375 Moles

Thus, the number of moles of HBr solute is 0.0375 moles

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3 years ago
A student has a balloon with a volume of 2.5 liters that contains 4.0 moles of air. The ballon has a small leak, allowing one mo
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Answer:

1.9 L

Explanation:

Step 1: Given data

  • Initial number of moles of air (n₁): 4.0 mol
  • Initial volume of the balloon (V₁): 2.5 L
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According to Avogadro's law, the volume of an ideal gas is directly proportional to the number of moles. We can calculate the final volume of the balloon using the following expression.

V₁ / n₁ = V₂ / n₂

V₂ = V₁ × n₂ / n₁

V₂ = 2.5 L × 3.0 mol / 4.0 mol

V₂ = 1.9 L

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