1) pathogen enters body and releases chemoattractants
2) a phagocyte/macrophage is attracted by these chemicals
3) the phagocyte engulfs the pathogen using its pseudopodia
4) the membranes of both organisms fuse forming a phagosome
5) lysosomers in the phogocyte fuse with the phagosome, forming a phagolysosome
6) these enzymes digest the pahogen (hydrolyse the bonds)
7) the antigens of the pathogen are placed on the surface of the phagocyte making an APC (antigen presenting cell)
Increasing its pH because then the enzyme wont be ablr to work properly
Answer:
GUA and GUG.
Explanation:
If you look at the attached genetic code, the wild-type glutamic acid (Glu) is coded by the codons GAA and GAG.
Valine (Val) can be coded by the codons GUU, GUC, GUA or GUG.
Sickle-cell hemoglobin arises from a single mutation, which causes the translation of Val instead of Glu. The only codons that code for Valine that differ in just one base with the Glu codons are GUA and GUG.