<span>The calculated to surface area for red blood cells by Gorter and Grendel found to be 36u2.
The surface area that would be covered once they spread across the surface of the water is 72u2.
If they spread across the surface area will double. This is because the lipid bilayer with phospholipid the head faces the water on each surface of the membrane.
It clearly shows that there must be more to membranes than lipid bilayer because membranes grew and the surface tension of membranes is much lower than those of pure lipid structures.</span>
Macrophages
Using the receptors on their surface and through the facilitation by immunoglobulins that attach to the foreign matter, macrophages 'hold' the foreign bodies in the body and 'ingest' them through phagocytosis. Lysozymes in the cells then in 'digest' the foreign matter.
Answer:
A. Whales evolved from four-legged animals.
Explanation:
I'm 100% on this one, because on Plato we were learning about evolution, and one of the slides said that whale had evolved from four legged animals.
Hope this helps ya!!!
Got a screenshot for proof!
Answer:
In the mid-1800s, over-hunting of Northern Elephant Seals reduced their population size to fewer than 40 individuals. However, the population has since rebounded to over 100,000 animals. The population went through a _<u>bottle neck event (genetic drift)</u>_, which makes it more susceptible to _<u>developing a genetic disease</u>_.
Explanation:
Genetic drift is the random change that occurs in the allelic frequency of a population through generations. The magnitude of this change is inversely related to the size of the original population. These changes produced by genetic drift accumulate in time. Eventually, some alleles get lost, while some others might set. Genetic drift affects a population and reduces its size dramatically due to a disaster or pressure-bottleneck effect- or because of a population split -founder effect-
. The bottleneck effect most likely affects smaller populations.
In the exposed example, extensive hunting acted as a pressure that reduced the number of Northern elephant seals to fewer than 100. This population experienced one or many generations of small size since these animals were affected by hunting. As the survivors did not have the whole genetic pool of the original population, the <em>population size might have recovered to a current population size of 100,000 individuals</em><em>,</em><em> but the genetic pool might have not</em><em>.</em> When the small population increases in size, it will have a genetically different composition from the original one. In these situations,<em> there is a reduced genetic variability, with a possibility of developing a peculiar allelic component</em>. If the <em>survivors in the population carried or developed a mutation, probably this mutation passed from generation to generation</em>. It will involve <em>more individuals each time and</em><em> increase the probability of developing a genetic disease.</em>
