Stimulants are substances that all result in the increase of levels of dopamine in the brain, which is a neurotransmitter that affects attention and pleasure. What this means is that stimulants affect our brain and the way it works by changing the ways that nerve cells communicate.
Neurons (nerve cells) are the cells that have a role in transmitting messages from the brain to other parts of our body, and vice-versa, which is important for pain response, alertness, energy etc.
With long-term use, the use of stimulants would affect the central nervous system (speeding it up), the brain, and the functions necessary to live, like respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, body temperature. Levels of neurotransmitters like dopamine, serotonin, and GABA, which are responsible for the regulation of different processes, are also impacted, which creates a chemical disbalance ultimately resulting in behavioral changes, mood swings, altered attention, movement and energy, stress etc.
So the part of the body that is affected the most with the long-term use of stimulants like cocaine, nicotine, methamphetamine is the brain of course, which is where these substances have the most impact, but the impact on the central nervous system, autonomous nervous system, and neurotransmitter levels is significant.
The correct answer is: The synaptonemal complex.
Non-sister chromatids are chromatids from two homologous chromosomes. In prophase I of meiosis two homologous chromosomes pair and this pairing is called synapsis. This allows possible crossing over to occur. Two non-sister chromatids are connected in synapsis by a protein-RNA complex called the synaptonemal complex.
Crossing-over or the physical exchange of chromosome parts might occur and bring to genetic recombination. The sites of crossing-over between nonsister chromatids and are called chiasmata.
Answer:
D
Explanation:
Humans get complex vitamins and the E. coli gets nutrients
The answer is b considering that the cell is a basic structure for organisms and yeah hope that helps and provides a strong backbone to my answer
Answer:
The photosynthetic dinoflagellates called zooxanthellae have a MUTUALISTIC relationship with the corals in which they live.
Explanation:
The relationship that exist between dinoflagellates and corals is simply a symbiotic or mutualistic relationship which entails both organisms benefits from each other.