Calorie is a unit of energy.
Specifically, it is defined as the energy that is needed to raise the temperature by one degree Kalvin (or Celcius, which is the same) of one gram of water in an earth's atmosphere.
The location of the water resources affect the settlement in Iran, Turkey, and Cyprus because the water that they have is not fresh so they can not drink it. Also they have to walk far because they are far away from a water source.
