Answer:
A) Bright lights will keep more students awake in class than dimmer lights.
Explanation:
Professor Boredom's hypothesis in this example is that<em> bright lights will keep more students awake in class than dimmer lights</em>. In this example, Professor Boredom is blaming sleepy students on lights. Lights are the independent variable that he can manipulate to find the number of sleepy students. The number of "sleepy students after the lecture" is according to Professor Boredom, the dependent variable that responds to the independent variable the "amount of light".
Answer: d) stereotype threat.
Explanation:
Stereotype treat is the situation where person tend to feel the risk factor of conforming to the stereotype of their background society.People think they might be obeying and treated with stereotype that their social group persist.
According to the question, stereotype treat is impacting Annaliese in the situation as stereotype of society, women being less capable than men in field of math and science which may impact her test.
Other options are incorrect because discrimination bias,formal reasoning and poor reliability of exam is not influencing Annaliese.Thus, the correct option is option(d).
The three key elements of the Catholic Reformation were : the founding of the Jesuits, the formation of the papacy and the Council of Trent.
C is the answer to this question