The antigen-binding sites of an antibody molecule are formed from the molecule's variable regions which are described as so because their amino acid sequences can be different on different antibodies.
The specificity of antibodies is determined by the variable regions found at their endpoints. Antibodies are specialized proteins secreted by B-cells of the immune system. They are also called immunoglobulins. They contain four polypeptide chains that comprise two heavy chains and two light chains to form a Y-shaped molecule.
The variable regions, more specifically the hypervariable regions of an antibody, have a high ratio of different amino acids with the most common amino acids provided in one place. The variable region serves as the antigen-binding site while the constant region found below the variable region is determined to invade the antigen.
Antibodies are preserved in our body to identify the antigen the next time it encounters. They send the signals to the other body parts to reject the antigen and invade it.
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Fossil fuel<span> is a general term for buried combustible geologic deposits of organic materials, </span>formed<span> from decayed plants and animals that have been converted to crude oil, </span>coal<span>, natural gas, or heavy oils by exposure to heat and pressure in the earth's crust over hundreds of millions of years.</span>
A mutation which occurs when a base is introduced into the DNA sequence before transcription begins will lead to frame-shift of a single base on the DNA sequence resulting in nonfunctional protein from the transcribed mRNA.
Explanation:
This change either through addition or deletion of a single base in the codon sequences of the DNA will modify the amino acid codes and will result in nonfunctional proteins after transcription.
This mutation will just result in change of a single base, i.e., it would be added either to the enhancer region or the silencer region of the sequence before the promoter which initiates transcription.
The mRNA produced due to mutated DNA sequence after the deletion or insertion point will be read as out of frame thus resulting in nonsense protein.
Answer:
Evaporation and Transpiration
Explanation:
Evaporation is the process in which water from bodies of water vaporizes and enters the atmosphere while transpiration is the process in which water from plants evaporates into the atmosphere.
Answer:
The ozone layer in the stratosphere blocks out the sun's deadly ultraviolet rays. It acts as our planet's natural sunblock.
