Both flagella and cilia have a common structural arrangement of microtubules referred to as "9 + 2 array." A single cilium or flagellum is made up of string of nine microtubule doublets that surround a single microtubule doublet in the center.
Flagella are hair-like structures which are usually long and they extend from the plasma membrane. They are used to propel or move an entire cell, for example sperm cell.
Cilia are short hair-like structures that are used to move entire cells. An example is paramecia. Cilia can also be found lining the outer surface of cells such as those of the respiratory tract where they move trapped particles up toward the nose and mouth.
Answer: B
Explanation:
All the other options are advantages.
Answer:
Diffusion forces protons to travel through ATP synthase because the membrane is not permeable to protons
Explanation:
ATP synthase is the enzyme that allow the production of ATP from adenosine diphosphate. The ATP synthase allows is the protein found in the cell membrane, which allow protons to pass through the membrane.
The concentration gradient can be compared to diffusion of water where particles move from region of higher concentration to lower concentration through a permeable membrane
In this case, the concentration gradient will force the proton through the membrane , so that, the free energy can be used by ADP to produce ATP.
Answer:
D ) Telophase
Explanation:
During anaphase, the sister chromatids are separated and pulled to opposite ends of the cell. During telophase, the nuclear envelope begins to re-form around the divided chromatids.