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Answer:
B. have weak superegos.
Explanation:
Karen Horney, a prominent neo-Freudian, disputed Freud's assumption that women <em>have weak superegos</em>. Karen Horney, believed that Freud's psychoanalysis was biased. According to Horney, psychoanalysis was limited by its male view which left feminine experience out. According to Freud, women could not have a strong superego. Karen Horney, through multiple studies, found out that women, as men can have a strong superego.
Answer:
d. internalization
Explanation:
Carmen is describing internalization. Internalization in sociology is the acceptance of a set of norms and values established by a set of people. In the statement Carmen is explaining how there were different types of groups in her High School. These groups were set by the students. She describes that these groups were simple to spot because of their appearance and that “people should already know where to go”. This is an example of a pre-conception concept, that if you didn’t match to any of the groups then you shouldn’t be with them. In some way the people of the school already internalized this “norms” and followed them.
Egocentrism
From the age between 2-7 years old, a child is in the "preoperational stage" of development, characterized by symbolic representation or thinking and egocentric thinking. The child also tends to plan, perceive, and solve problems based on appearances (e.g. a half cup of water in a wide glass is to him/her smaller in amount compared to the same amount of water in a tall thin glass).
A good example of the child's egocentric thinking is most apparent before the child enters kindergarten. When a child is told to hide, he/she usually only covers his/her face, because in his/her thinking, "if i can't see you, then you can't see me!" In egocentrism, the child thinks that other people think and perceive the world the way he/she does.
However, a recent study tried to explain this action of "ineffective hiding" in children as their way of demanding or insisting on reciprocity, and mutual recognition and regard, instead of merely egocentrism (source: https://theconversation.com/young-children-are-terrible-at-hiding-psychologists-have-a-new-theory-why-67979)
