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3 years ago

Immune System disorder discussion

Biology

1 answer:

velikii [3]3 years ago

3 0

Answer:

Immune system disorders cause abnormally low activity or over activity of the immune system. In cases of immune system overactivity, the body attacks and damages its own tissues (autoimmune diseases). Immune deficiency diseases decrease the body's ability to fight invaders, causing vulnerability to infections.

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What is the role of renin in the secretion of aldosterone?

Gelneren [198K]

Answer:

Explanation:

Aldosterone is a hormone which is produced by the adrenal glands which are present above the kidneys. The role of aldosterone is to regulate the blood pressure. It causes the reabsorption of water and salts into the bloodstream during the kidney filteration process. Hence, maintains the blood volume, restors blood pressure and salt level.

Renin is an enzyme. It facilitates chemical reactions which stimulates the synthesis of angiotension II, it directs the synthesis of aldosterone.

3 0

3 years ago

Sometimes young adults may want to experience physical intimacy, and their lack of knowledge may result in

olganol [36]

Unwanted pregnancy or std ( sexually transmitted disease <span />

5 0

3 years ago

Two autosomal genes control horn color in dragons. Pure-breedinggold-horned dragons were mated to pure-breeding silver-horneddra

horrorfan [7]

Answer:

The genetically based phenotypic ratio for of Gold: Silver: Bronze = 9:1:6

The expected number of gold-horned dragons is = 144

The expected number of silver-horned dragons is = 16

The expected number of bronze-horned dragons is = 96

Explanation:

Given that; F2 generation consisted of:

147 gold

17 silver

92 bronze.

Total autosomal genes control horn color in dragons = 256

When we conducted the punnet square for the Pure-breedinggold-horned dragons were mated with the pure-breeding silver-horneddragons, then intercrossed them for the F2 generation, It is seen that;

The genetically based phenotypic ratio for of Gold: Silver: Bronze = 9:1:6

∴

The expected number of gold-horned dragon = $256*\frac{9}{16}$

= 144

The expected number of silver- horned dragon = $256*\frac{1}{16}$

= 16

The expected number of Bronze-horned dragon = $256*\frac{6}{16}$

= 96

Null Hypothesis = The observed ratio of Gold:Siver:Bronze

=144:16:96

=9:1:6

Observed Expected (OF - EF)² $\frac{(OF-EF)^2}{EF}$

Frequency Frequency

(OF) (EF)

147 144 9 0.062500

17 16 1 0.062500

92 96 16 0.166667

Total: 0.291667

Since Degree of Freedom = 2

Our P-Value = 0.864

∴ Our P. Value is very high that we accept the null hypothesis

7 0

3 years ago

What is an ion? Help

AleksandrR [38]

Answer:

an atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.

Explanation:

An ion is defined as an atom or molecule that has gained or lost one or more of its valence electrons, giving it a net positive or negative electrical charge. In other words, there is an imbalance in the number of protons (positively charged particles) and electrons (negatively charged particles) in a chemical species

6 0

3 years ago

Trace minerals are needed in much smaller amounts than major minerals, but they are just as essential for good health. They are

kow [346]

Answer:

1. Heme iron is found in animal foods like meat and poultry, whereas the nonheme iron form is found in plant foods like grains and vegetables.

2. The metal and trace mineral copper is part of several enzymes and proteins.

3. Adequate zinc is important for maintaining a healthy immune system and may aid in wound healing.

4. Selenium acts as an antioxidant and aids in thyroid function.

5. Fluoride is not considered essential, but it is very important for maintaining strong, healthy teeth.

6. The deficiency disease goiter was much more common before iodine was added to salt in the United States.

7. Manganese acts as a cofactor for a variety of enzymes and also plays a role in synthesis of bone.

Explanation:

Iron: The major difference between the iron provided by animals Heme Iron) and plants (Nonheme iron) is that the heme iron is better absorbed by the organism. There are several mechanisms in the intestine that improve the heme iron absorption that is used for producing red globules for the organism. Carnic products such as red meat, fish, and poultry are rich in heme iron. Vegetables contain nonheme iron, which is harder to assimilate by the organism and thus its absorption is lower.

Copper: Is an essential element for life that intervenes in the electronic transport chain, being part of the IV complex. It is also part of the enzyme that catalyzes the decomposition of the superoxide ion, toxic for living organisms. Copper is an element of the hemocyanin which is a protein present in some invertebrates, with a function similar to hemoglobin.

Zinc: This metal has many uses in industry. In health, it is used in dietetic supplements, to maintain its correct levels. It is also useful in wound healing, in reducing duration and severity of colds, and has antimicrobial properties that help to relieve gastroenteritis symptoms. It is added in solar protectors, in toothpaste for good breath, and in the shampoo to deal with dandruff problems.

Selenium: It is an antioxidant component of some enzymes that act in the elimination of substances with reactive oxygen. Besides this element is important in the regulation of the thyroid function.

Fluoride: Although it lacks if metabolic activity in mammals and superior plants, some plants and marine sponges can synthesize a fluor compound as a poison for protection. Fluoride is used in many kinds of toothpaste because it interacts with calcium to create a harder and more stable fluorapatite matrix that protects the teeth.

Iodine: Is an essential element that intervenes in numerous functions in the organism. The only entranceway of the element is by ingesting it with a recommended diet. Iodine lack might cause several problems in health such as thyroid problems or goiter.

Manganese: This metal is an essential element that exists naturally in the ground and water. For animals, the manganese is an essential component of enzymes that are used in carbohydrates, fat, and protein metabolism. Manganese is a cofactor for numerous enzyme activities. It is also important in bony tissue development and reproduction.

3 0

3 years ago