According to the book, classical conditioning is a sort of learning in which a person learns to link two or more inputs and predict occurrences. To teach a youngster not to run into the street, it must be exposed to stimuli that are associated with not doing so.
Classical conditioning is a behavioral process in which biologically potent stimuli are paired with previously neutral stimuli. It also refers to the learning process resulting from this pairing, in which neutral stimuli usually elicit responses similar to those elicited by strong stimuli.
Classical conditioning differs from operant conditioning. In operant conditioning, the strength of voluntary behavior is modified through reinforcement or punishment. However, classical conditioning can influence operant conditioning in different ways. In particular, classically conditioned stimuli help reinforce operant responses.
Classical conditioning was first studied in detail by Ivan Pavlov. Pavlov conducted experiments on dogs and published the results in 1897. During a gastrointestinal study of Russian physiologists, Pavlov observed that the dogs he used as test subjects drooled when offered meat.
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Answer:
3. the expectancy that studying will lead to good grades
Explanation:
- According to the rotter's theory in order to explain why people do things id due to theory state of the person decides to take action.
- Its based on how they expect the results to follow and how valuable the outcomes are based upon the expectations.
- As rotter believed a person's personality is built over time and is based on your expectations of reactions and experiences.
Attaining the concepts of things
