The Catholic Church defended the selling of indulgences because they needed the money to fund their projects. One of these projects was the reconstruction of St. Peter's Basilica in Rome.
It was in 1619 in Virginia so D is the correct answer.
The major split in Islam is that between the majority Sunnis and the minority Shiites. The split goes back to events in the 7th century: After Mohammed's death in 632, leadership of the Islamic community passed to Abu Bakr as-Siddiq, one of Mohammed's closest companions
