Continental drift is the geological phenomenon in which continents move. These movements at speeds of a few centimeters per year can actually be measured since the advent of satellite geodesy. The movement of continents is caused by plate tectonics.
Alfred Wegener noted at the beginning of the 20th century that the edges of some continents (particularly South America and Africa) are similar in shape, concluding that the continents were connected and separated before. The problem was that it was not known how huge land masses could move across the Earth's surface. Such a movement requires enormous power and it was not known where it came from.
Later it was known that, according to plate tectonics, the continents move as a result of convection currents in the mantle. They slowly move away from each other, bump into each other, slide under each other, or rub against each other. This causes various surface phenomena, such as earthquakes, volcanism, and slow changes, such as subsidence, mountain building and the displacement of continents.
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Answer:
Peridotite (Dunite) Peridotite is a very dense, coarse-grained, olivine-rich, ultra- mafic intrusive rock. It is noted for its low silica content, and contains very little or no feldspar ( orthoclase, plagioclase). It is a common component of oceanic lithosphere, and is derived from the upper mantle.
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Answer: 240 million
Suppose the mutation rate per nucleotide in a type of fly is about 10 in a billion, that there are 300 million nucleotides in the haploid genome, and that the population size is 40 million. In this case, in every generation about <u>240 million</u> new mutations will appear in each individual on average.
