TAKE 50 POINT PLEASE HELP!!!! What is the workhorse laser in gynecology?
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The workhorse lasers of urology are primarily CO2, argon ion, Nd:YAG, and dye lasers. CO2 lasers are best in precise cutting of tissue as already discussed in Sect. 3.2. Argon ion lasers and Nd:YAG lasers are used for the coagulation of highly vascularized tumors or malformations. Among these two lasers, the Nd:YAG laser is preferably applied for the coagulation of large tissue volumes because its radiation deeply penetrates into tissues. Moreover, Q-switched Nd:YAG lasers which interact in the photodisruptive mode have become a standard tool in lithotripsy beside ultrasound fragmentation. Dye lasers have not been investigated until recently in lithotripsy and in photo-dynamic therapy. After the development of the first fiberoptic endoscope by Nath et al. (1973), Staehler et al. (1976) performed initial experimental studies with the argon ion laser in urology. Meanwhile, the indications for urologic laser treat-ments have significantly increased. They extend from the external genital, the lower urinary tract (urethra), the bladder, the upper urinary tract (ureter), all the way up to the kidneys as shown in Fig. 4.47. In addition, very promis-ing results have already been achieved in treating benign hyperplasia of the prostate which embraces the urethra. Various laser therapies for all these dif-ferent organs require specific strategies and parameters. They shall now be discussed in the above order.
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