<span>India is a very exotic location. </span>
Adolescent egocentrism is a term that David Elkind used to describe the phenomenon of adolescents' inability to distinguish between their perception of what others think about them and what people actually think in reality.[1] David Elkind's theory on adolescent egocentrism is drawn from Piaget's theory on cognitive developmental stages, which argues that formal operations enable adolescents to construct imaginary situations and abstract thinking.[2]
Accordingly, adolescents are able to conceptualize their own thoughts and conceive of other people's thoughts.[1] However, Elkind pointed out that adolescents tend to focus mostly on their own perceptions – especially on their behaviors and appearance – because of the "physiological metamorphosis" they experience during this period. This leads to adolescents' belief that other people are as attentive to their behaviors and appearance as they are of themselves.[1] According to Elkind, adolescent egocentrism results in two consequential mental constructions, namely imaginary audience and personal fable.
Answer:
The patient presents synptoms of clinical gastritis secondary to the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Ranitidine and esomerprazole would be the medications to solve the case, and endocospy, if it is really necessary, considering the advanced stage of his epigastric pain. Moreover, the patient should avoid spice food, alcohol, smoking, steroids and ibuprofen.
Explanation:
Because the diagnosis for gastritis can only be positive after a endoscopy, since the disease is an inflammatory condition of the gastric mucosa. Physicians, use to do biposy in this case too. However, since the patient's pain occurs on the upper abdomen and presents as bloating or heartburn, the doctors can also consider the possibility of dyspepsia.
They should prescribe a special diet for the patient, warning him to avoid: spice food, fat, alcohol, smoking, steroids and ibuprofen. Moreover, they should prescribe ranitidine and esomerprazole to threat the dyspepsia, and referral to a gastroenterologist for consideration of an upper endoscopy is reasonable.
