Interesting biology question.
In order to answer this question, I hope you understand what is mitosis: cell division that creates two diploid "daughter" cells that are identical to each other. Gametes, remember, are the reproductive cells (egg cells and sperm).
If human gametes were made by mitosis, which is not true, because gametes are made in meiosis, they would simply be diploid with somatic cells. The two gametes would have 92 chromosomes, as each cell has 46 chromosomes. And after each generation, the number of chromosomes would keep doubling, which would be very weird. Remember that the normal amount of chromosomes that a human being has, is 46. Maybe humans would have mutations if that happened.
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Controlling the synthesis of proteins is the key to controlling the chemical pathways in the cell.
This is because proteins have key roles in many chemical reactions in the cell.
The most important proteins for the chemical reactions in the cell are enzymes.
Enzymes catalyze many chemical reactions, therefore, the control of the enzyme synthesis is a direct way of controlling other chemical reactions in the cell.
Genes are DNA or RNA, they act as instructions to make molecules called proteins! They are found in chromosomes and there main objective is to carry out information that determines your characteristic traits that are inherited from your parents!
Hope that helps :))
