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Sati [7]
2 years ago
7

As different organisms evolved from a common ancestor, some of their body structures retained similarities even if their functio

ns deviated. These structures are known as homologous structures.
Which of the following pairs of structures are an example of homologous structures?

A.) mice whiskers and horse manes
B.) tortoise shells and rhinoceros horns
C.) insect exoskeletons and mammalian vertebra
D.) bat wings and human arms
Biology
1 answer:
amm18122 years ago
3 0
D. Bat wings and human arms
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Answer:

  1. E/e ; T/t  ⇒ Square eyes and long tail (Option D)
  2. 3/16 will have round eyes and long tails (Option C)
  3. 1/4 of the progeny will be heterozygous for both traits (Option A)

Explanation:

<u>Available data</u>:

  • Two diallelic unlinked genes
  • Gene E controls eye shape: Dominant allele E expresses square eyes, and recessive allele e expresses round eyes.
  • Gene T controls the tail size. Dominant allele T expresses long trail, and recessive allele t expresses short tail.

<u>Genotypes                                          Phenotypes</u>

EETT, EeTT, EETt, EeTt                     Square eyes and Long tail

eeTT, eeTt                                          Round eyes and Long tail

EEtt, Eett                                             Square eyes and Short tail

eett                                                      Rounf eyes and short tail.

<em>1. An individual of this new species is heterozygous for gene E and heterozygous for gene T. What is their genotype and phenotype?</em>

The heterozygous individual is E/e ; T/t, expressing square eyes and a long tail.

<em>2. Two individuals, who are both heterozygous for eye shape and tail size, mate. Which of the following is a correct statement about the phenotype ratios expected for their offspring?</em>

Cross: between two heterozygous individuals

Parentals) EeTt    x     EeTt

Gametes) ET, Et, eT, et

                ET, Et, eT, et

Punnett square)  .   ET        Et        eT       et

                  ET     EETT    EETt    EeTT    EeTt

                  Et      EETt     EEtt     EeTt      Eett

                  eT    EeTT    EeTt    eeTT     eeTt

                   et     EeTt      Eett     eeTt      eett

F1) Genotype:

  • 1/16 EETT
  • 2/16 EETt
  • 1/16 EEtt
  • 2/16 EeTT
  • 4/16 EeTt ⇒ 1/4 EeTt
  • 2/16 Eett
  • 1/16 eeTT
  • 2/16 eeTt
  • 1/16 eett

      Phenotype

  • 9/16 E-T-, Square eyes and Long tails
  • 3/16 E-tt, Square eyes and short tails
  • 3/16 eeT-, Round eyes and Long tails
  • 1/16 eett, round eyes and short tail

Phenotypic ratio 9:3:3:1

<em>3. From the mating described in question ABOVE, what proportion of ALL of the offspring in will be heterozygous for both traits?</em>

4/16 = 1/4 = 25% of the progeny are expected to be heterozygous for both traits, EeTt.

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