This question is missing the options. I've found the complete question online. It is as follows:
Twelve-year-old Nathaniel was having trouble solving the word problems in his math homework. His dad began reading the problems aloud and emphasizing the important information. As Nathaniel started catching on, his dad gradually provided less help for each new problem. This interaction illustrates:
A) Piaget's concept of concrete operational thought.
B) Erikson's concept of industry versus inferiority.
C) Vygotsky's concept of scaffolding.
D) Piaget's concept of conservation.
Answer:
The correct answer is letter C) Vygotsky's concept of scaffolding.
Explanation:
According to Vygotsky's Zone of Proximal Development, scaffolding is the process in which a supporter helps a learner, but only to a certain extent. As the learner grows more knowledgeable, the supporter gradually withdraws his help, allowing the learner to do things on his own. Eventually, the learner becomes responsible for the outcome of his tasks. That is what Nathaniel's father is doing while helping him with his math homework. He assists Nathaniel, but slowly steps away allowing his son to solve problems on his own as he gains more knowledge.
If you have samples of n 1 equals 22 and n 2 equals 20, in performing the pooled-variance t test, you have 40 degrees of freedom.
The t-test method is a method where we analyze two sets of data which both these data are independent of each other. This pooled variance test helps us in getting the overall variance in both these different sample sets when we know that both the sample sets are almost equal.
To calculate degrees of freedom, we have the formula
df = n1 +n2 -2
According to the question, n1= 22 and n2= 20
Therefore, degree of freedom= 22 +20 -2 = 40
Hence, degree of freedom is 40.
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The answer would be the third answer