Answer:
c. Increased reabsorption of phosphate in the kidneys
d. Increased deposition of calcium into the bones.
Explanation:
Hyperphosphatemia is a condition that is expressed particularly in people with a kidney dysfunction. It comprises the kidneys, which do not excrete enough phosphate from the body as they reabsorbe it and thus leading to increased phosphate levels.
Also, phosphate binds calcium with high affinity, provoking acute hypocalcemia (decreased levels of calcium). In Hyperphosphatemia, calcium is being deposited mostly in the bone but also in the extraskeletal tissue.
The new hydrophilic amino acid would not form the same interactions with hydrophobic R groups. As a consequence, protein's 3D structure would likely be affected.
Different types of amino acids have different properties and thus form different interactions. For example, hydrophobic amino acids (water-repelent) such as alanine, valine, leucine, isoleucine, proline, phenylalanine, cysteine and methionine. participate in van der Waals type of interactions. They often form the hydrophobic core of the protein which doesn’t interact with water surrounding.
On the other hand, hydrophilic amino acids (arginine, asparagine, glutamine, aspartat..) are polar, can dissolve in the water and can join the hydrogen bond network.
