Levels<span> of </span>organization<span> in ecology include the population, community, ecosystem, and biosphere. An ecosystem is all the living things in an area interacting with all of the antibiotic parts of the </span>environment<span>.</span>
Answer: Fluorescence microscopy
Explanation:
A protein is substance that is the essential constituent of living cells because it forms part of its structure. T<u>hey are also found in plasma membrane</u>, where they assist substances to cross the membrane. Proteins can be:
- <u>Integral</u>: permanently attached within the plasma membrane.
- <u>Transmembrane</u>: it spans the entirety of the cell membrane.
- <u>Peripheral</u>: are only temporarily associated to the membrane.
Some integral proteins can act as cellular receptors. Other proteins are responsible for cell adhesion (binding of a cell to another cell or to a surface). On the outside of the cell membranes, attached to other proteins, are the carbohydrate chains that act as labels identifying the type of cell.
<u>A heterokaryon is a multinucleate cell and in this experiment the scientists fuse a human cell and a mouse cell, each of them will have their own proteins.</u> At first, the human and mouse proteins where found in separated halves of this heterokaryon. But <u>after a while, those proteins where mixed and could no longer be identified</u>.
A fluorescent chemical called a fluorophore is able to be absorb light of specific wavelengths and then emit light of longer wavelengths. The proteins can be modified and marked with different colored fluorophores to detect them, even if they are mixed in the heterokaryon. <u>Then, they can be seen with a Fluorescence microscopy, to identify them through different colors</u>.
Answer:
second)some of the energy disperses as heat
Explanation:
This second law of thermodynamics states that in the course of conversion of energy from one form to another in an organisms,this can not be 100% efficient ( there is constant increase in entropy of the systems in the organism)as some of the energy is dissipated as heat in the course of conversion.
Thus in a food chain as energy is been converted from one trophic level( primary consumer) to another( secondary consumer) these organism makes use of the energy to do biologic work.Therefore as this is passed to other organism in the tropic levels not all the initial energy will be available ,as some has been lost during biology work,respiration , excretion ,movements and locomotion. in the subsequent organisms.
Thus the entropy of the organisms involved increases as energy is been transmitted from one trophic level to another which leads to heat dispassion.
