The Earth comprises many spheres of subsystems, which associate with each other to develop a composite and spontaneously changing system of the Earth. The processes taking place in the system of the Earth occurs on spatial scales changing from fractions of millimeters to thousands of kilometers, and on time scales, which varies from milliseconds to billions of years.
The examples of instantaneous scales are a rotation of the Earth, breathing, an earthquake.
The examples of long-term scales are making coal and plate tectonics.
The system of the Earth is featured by various overlapping cycles in which matter is recycled again and again. The cycles involve interactions between multiple spheres and systems. The examples of cycles are rock cycle, day and night, and seasons.
Volcanoes discharge a huge concentration of particulate matter into the atmosphere. These particles function as nuclei for the development of droplets of water (hydrosphere). The rainfall, that is, hydrosphere usually upsurges after an eruption, initiating growth of the plant (biosphere). Thus, volcanoes and volcanic activities are a good illustration of system interactions.
The cytoplasm functions to support and suspend organelles and cellular molecules. Many cellular processes also occur in the cytoplasm.
Some of these processes include protein synthesis, the first stage of cellular respiration known as glycolysis, mitosis, and meiosis. In addition, the cytoplasm helps to move materials, such as hormones, around the cell and also dissolves cellular waste.
1. natural selection acts on existing traits because you can not evolve into something you didn't have
2. original structures evolve to accomplish new function in order to survive
B because B is the nucleus which is the storage location of DNA
