John Brown stirred up a lot of controversy with his attack on "Harper's" Ferry in Virginia
The institution of slavery was caused by the end of indentured servants, the keeping of slave children, and the unhumanlike treatment of slaves between 1607 and 1750.The development of slavery was caused by the increasing demand for labor, economic pressure, and the continued growth of plantation numbers
Germany was expected to pay reparations after WWI. War damaged their country, and left it in pieces. They had very little money to rebuild their buildings and roads because of the reparations.
They did it because they feared that without a specifically enumerated bill of rights that the government could become tyrannical in the same manner in which the British were tyrannical. They believed that rights of people and states should be written and stated officially instead of just being implied since implied things are easy to exploit and maneuver according to your needs.