Answer:
In the past, learners were required to achieve at least 50% in four specific designated subjects that were the same nationwide. However, this was recently changed - the new requirements include attaining the same percentage in any four subjects that have 20 credits from a list of subjects.
This change has certain advantages and disadvantages. The advantage is that there will be more students with better percentages applying for various high education institutions as it should now be easier for them to pick subjects they are most confident in and that will be relevant for their further education. Their focus will also be on those most important subjects for them and their studies instead of on something they might not even need in their future career.
However, a disadvantage is that students might pick subjects they find easiest just to secure their place in a university. Those subjects ultimately might not provide them with needed strategies for thinking and learning that otherwise designated subjects might have. Furthermore, some higher education institutions might have their own lists of designated subjects and minimum entry requirements that might not be the same as the student's choices.
 
        
             
        
        
        
A primary election. This is so the voter can choose a candidate from a political party, then to nominate them as the party's candidate
        
             
        
        
        
Depending on how Jim's relationship with his ex-wife ended, through bitterness or a mutual agreement to be friends, he could either be happy or sad. If he was in between, he probably would've felt uncomfortable, because he neither cared enough to find out before his son but wasn't as cruel to say he didn't care. 
        
             
        
        
        
 This number would greatly increase, as there are many nations that don't have their own their own country. Some are part of a bigger country (the Tamils in India) and some are distributed among many countries (the Kurds)
Recognizing all those nations could increase some conflicts, such as that between the Kurds and Turkish in Turkey. 
I think that a good definition should acknowledge that  some nations have independent states and some are part of another state - the defining characteristics should be a sense of unity among the nation.